Evolution of Management Thoughts
Evolution of Management Thoughts
Scientific Management Thought
- by
F.W. Taylor (Father of Scientific Management)
- An
attitude and philosophy, which discards the traditional method of hit and miss,
rule of thumb, trial and error of managing work and workers
- Development
and application of scientific problem solving approach, including:
*
research * investigation * experiment
*
collection of data * data analysis
*
principles formulation
- Study
of each activity in detail to ensure that all activities of the organization
are performed in an economic and effective manner
- Lower
level management analysis: focus
on improving labor productivity
Principles of Scientific Management
A.Development of a science for each element of an individual’s work:
- To
replace the old rule of thumb:
* work
assigned to each employee should be observed and analyzed
- Through
scientific investigation
- Development
of science for each element of an individual’s job
- Decisions
should be made on the basis of facts
B. Scientific selection, training and development of workers:
- Recruitment
and selection should be based on with the requirements of job
- Physical,
mental and other requirements should be specified for each job
- Workers should be selected and trained to
make them fit for the job
- Systematic
training to improve skills and efficiency
C. Close cooperation between management and workers:
- Creating
a mutually beneficial relationship through:
*
harmonizing the interest of employer and employees
-
Should
be close cooperation between management and workers
D. Division of work:
- The
task and related responsibilities should be clearly divided among management
and workers
- The
time requirement for completion of task
- Responsibility
and accountability should be seperated to both
- Job
specialization
E. Maximum output with cost minimization:
- Concerned
with piece rate wage system, ensuring maximum production
- Maximum profit resulting from cost per unit
minimization due to high volume of production
- Use of modern machines and tools, optimum
use of resources
- Helpful for society as it upgrades the
living standard of people
F. Mental revolution:
- Management
should create a suitable working environment and resolve all problems
scientifically
- Workers
should attend to their jobs with utmost devotion and be careful not to waste
resources
Limitations:
* Too
much emphasis on technical aspect of work, ignoring human interest
* Views
employees’ needs only in economic terms
* Forced
to work on same task time and again leading to monotony, no life outside work
* Forced
to speed up the process beyond their capacity
* Not
allowed to take initiative
14 principles Of Evolution of Managements
Management Full Notes:
Introduction To Management
PROCESS/FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
Managerial Roles/Skills in Management
Evolution of Management Thoughts
Principles of Scientific Management
14 principles of Evolution of Management
Human Relation and Behavioral Science Theory
Abraham Maslow: Need Hierarchy Theory
Difference Between Theory X & Y
Comparison Of Theory X and Theory Y
Two Factor theory by Frederick Hertzberg
Management Science Theory
Contingency Theory
PROCESS/FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
Managerial Roles/Skills in Management
Evolution of Management Thoughts
Principles of Scientific Management
14 principles of Evolution of Management
Human Relation and Behavioral Science Theory
Abraham Maslow: Need Hierarchy Theory
Difference Between Theory X & Y
Comparison Of Theory X and Theory Y
Two Factor theory by Frederick Hertzberg
Management Science Theory
Contingency Theory
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